一、For the past +时间，S +现在完成式……(过去……年来，……一直……)

例句：For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination.

过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。

二、Since + S +过去式，S +现在完成式

例句：Since he went to senior high school，he has worked very hard.

自从他上高中，他一直很用功。

三、It pays to + V ～(……是值得的)

例句：It pays to help others.

帮助别人是值得的。

四、be based on(以……为基础)

例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.

社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

五、Spare no effort to + V(不遗余力的)

We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境